Shot note on Snakes

Snake

    Snakes are carnivorous reptiles of the suborder serpentes.Also its legless and elongated. Snakes are ectothermic,amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales. Many species of snakes have skulls with several more joints than their lizard ancestors, enabling them to swallow prey much larger than their heads with their highly mobile jaw. Some species retain a pelvic gridle with a pair of vestigial claws on either side of the cloaca. Lizards have evolved elongate bodies with out limbs or with greatly reduced limbs about twenty five times independently via convergent evaluation, leading to many lineages of legless lizards. Legless lizards resemble snake, but several common group of legless lizards have eyelids and external ears, which snakes lack, although this rule is not universal.

Snakes

             Living snakes do not found in Antarctica,Ireland,Green land,New zeland and some islands.
Most species are nonvenomous and those that have venom use it primarily to kill and subdue prey rather than for self-defense. Some possess venom potent enough to cause painful injury or death to humans.And the Nonvenomous Snakes either swallow prey alive or kill by construction. The fossil evidence said that sankes are originated from burrowing lizzards, such as the vavanids during the cretaceous period.

Snakes

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Basic Information About Bees

Honey bee

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African Elephants

African elephant's

African elephant is very different from other elephants.It has elongated nose and upper lip for smelling. When an elephant drinks, it sucks as much as 2 gallons (7.5 liters) of water into its trunk at a time. Then it curls its trunk under, sticks the tip of its trunk into its mouth, and blows. Out comes the water, right down the elephant's throat. Since African elephants live where the sun is usually blazing hot, they use their trunks to help them keep cool. First they squirt a trunkful of cool water over their bodies. Then they often follow that with a sprinkling of dust to create a protective layer of dirt on their skin. Elephants pick up and spray dust the same way they do water—with their trunks.

Family of elephant

Group of African elephants

African elephants are more strong. Elephants also use their trunks as snorkels when they wade in deep water. An elephant's trunk is controlled by many muscles. Two fingerlike parts on the tip of the trunk allow the elephant to perform delicate maneuvers such as picking a berry from the ground or plucking a single leaf off a tree. Elephants can also use its trunk to grasp an entire tree branch and pull it down to its mouth and to yank up clumps of grasses and shove the greenery into their mouths.
When an elephant gets a whiff of something interesting, it sniffs the air with its trunk raised up like a submarine periscope.If threatened, an elephant will also use its trunk to make loud trumpeting noises as a warning.

African elephant

African elephant
Elephants are social creatures. They sometimes hug by wrapping their trunks together in displays of greeting and affection. Elephants also use their trunks to help lift or nudge an elephant calf over an obstacle, to rescue a fellow elephant stuck in mud, or to gently raise a newborn elephant to its feet. And just as a human baby sucks its thumb, an elephant calf often sucks its trunk for comfort. One elephant can eat 300 pounds (136 kilograms) of food in one day.
 

African elephant

People hunt elephants mainly for their ivory tusks. Adult females and young travel in herds, while adult males generally travel alone or in groups of their own.

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Plants: The Lungs of the Earth

Tree

The service provided by plants for the sustenance of the biological world is unique. Plants are the cheapest and effective natural mechanisam for the purification of air.plants offer great service to the biological world by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and releasing oxygen.it is estimated that plants give out approximately 118 kilograms of oxygen when they use one tonne carbon dioxide.As the plant cover on the earth decreases, this recycling mechanism stops and air pollution become severe.observe the pictures. Based on the indicators prepare a note on the importance of plants.

                                     

Tree

A tree typically has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground by the trunk. This trunk typically contains woody tissue for strength, and vascular tissue to carry materials from one part of the tree to another. For most trees it is surrounded by a layer of bark which serves as a protective barrier. Below the ground, the roots branch and spread out widely; they serve to anchor the tree and extract moisture and nutrients from the soil. Above ground, the branches divide into smaller branches and shoots. The shoots typically bear leaves, which capture light energy and convert it into sugars by photosynthesis, providing the food for the tree's growth and development.

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Threatened species

India is home to a number of threatened species, many of which are not too well known. These often neglected species from the backbone of differend ecosystems. Some of these species are:
            GREAT INDIAN BUSTARD                         

Indian Bustard

Indian Bustard

Indian Bustard

Indian Bustard

The great Indian bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) is endemic to the indian subcontinent. Currently, only about 300 birds exist in the world with no known breeding populations outside India. They are found in fragmented locations in just 5 states: Andhra pradesh, karnataka, Madhya pradesh, Gujarat and Rajasthan. It is the state bird of Rajasthan. Degradation of grasslands that are needed for their survival and illegal hunting are main causes for decline in their population.
                      SARUS CRANE
                               

Sarus crane

Sarus crane

The sarus crane(Grus antigone) is the only resident crane of india.At 155cm, it it is the tallest of the Indian cranes. It is also the tallest flying bird in the world. The sarus serves as an indicator species for wetlands. Of the estimated 8,000 to 10,000 birds in the country, 2,500 to 3,000 are found in uttar pradesh, which has Adopted the sarus crane as its state bird. Loss of wetlands is the major reason for the decline of the sarus.
                      RED PANDA
                             

Red panda

Red panda

The red panda(Ailurus fulgens), also known sometimes as firecat and lesser panda. Is largely herbivorus. Majority of the indian population occurs in Arunachal pradesh. Red panda numbers are declining over much of their range due to deforestation and habitat loss. They are also hunted for their pelt, which is used to make traditional hats and clothing in china.
                    NILAGIRI TAHR
                               

Nilagiri tahr

Nilagiri tahr

The Nilagiri tahr(Nilgiritragus hylocrius) is endemic to the Nilagiri Hills and the southern portion of the western Ghats. It is the state animal of Thamil Nadu. Adult males develop a light grey area or "saddle" on their backs and are hence called "saddlebacks". There are around 2200 to 2500 individuals in the wild. The species has been under severe stress on account of illegal hunting, construction of numerous hydroelectric projects, timber felling and monoculture plantation of eucalyptus and wattles.
                   WWF- India not only works towards the conservation of charismatic species such as the tiger, elephant and rhinoceros, but along for the conservation of many lesser-known species which are equally threatened, or are on the verge of extinction.

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Songbirds

Song bird

 Songbirds are nature's finest songsters. The vocal organ of these group of birds is higly develoed.This enables them to produce a wide variety of sounds, warblers,tanagers,cardinals,robins,wrens, finches and hundreads of other species make up this diverse group of birds.

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Kadalundi Bird Sancturies

                                       

Entrance of kadalundi bird sanctuary

Kadalundi Bird Sanctuary is the bird watchers paradise as it provides shelters to more than hundred verities of migratory and native birds.

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